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Scleritis is a serious, painful condition characterized by the inflammation of the sclera, the white outer layer of the eye. This condition not only causes discomfort but can also lead to vision loss if left untreated. Affecting a small portion of the population, scleritis is more common among people aged 30 to 60 and tends to have a higher prevalence among women than men. Understanding this condition is the first step in managing its symptoms and potentially mitigating its effects.
The exact cause of scleritis is not fully understood, but it is often associated with autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and vasculitis. Additionally, infective processes can sometimes precipitate scleritis. External factors, such as injury to the eye, can also trigger the condition in some individuals. The underlying theme among these causes is an immune system response that mistakenly targets the eye's sclera, leading to inflammation.
- Severe, often painful redness in the white part of the eye - Sensitivity to light (photophobia) - Blurred vision - Tearing of the eyes - Pain that may radiate to the face or head - A feeling of grittiness in the eye - Thick discharge from the eye in severe cases
Diagnosing scleritis involves a thorough examination by an ophthalmologist. The doctor will take a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination of the eyes, which may include using a slit lamp to examine the extent of the inflammation. Imaging tests like ultrasound may also be employed to assess the condition of the sclera and underlying structures. In some cases, blood tests may be ordered to check for autoimmune diseases that can be associated with scleritis.
Prevention of scleritis largely centers on managing any underlying autoimmune disorders and protecting the eyes from injury. While there is no guaranteed way to prevent scleritis, maintaining good overall health and regularly monitoring any known inflammatory conditions with your healthcare provider can reduce risk. Treatment options through functional medicine aim at addressing the root cause of the inflammation rather than just managing symptoms. Nutritional support is vital; a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and other anti-inflammatory foods can support eye health. Supplements like turmeric, which contains curcumin, may also help due to their anti-inflammatory properties. Stress management techniques such as yoga, meditation, and deep-breathing exercises are recommended to reduce overall inflammation in the body. Moreover, integrating regular exercise into one's routine can improve circulation and contribute to better immune system function. For those with underlying autoimmune conditions, working with a healthcare provider to manage these issues is crucial as it can directly impact the management of scleritis. In some instances, traditional medications may also be necessary, and a functional medicine approach can complement these treatments by focusing on overall wellness and prevention strategies. Each person’s situation is unique, and therefore, it's important to consult with a healthcare professional who can tailor a functional medicine approach to your specific needs.